Description
SOMATEK has a pronounced effect on the metabolism of fats, proteins and carbohydrates. In children with growth hormone deficiency (GH), somatropin stimulates the growth of skeletal bones in length by acting on the epiphysis plates of the tubular bones. In both adults and children, somatropin contributes to the normalization of body structure by increasing muscle mass and reducing body fat. Visceral adipose tissue is especially sensitive to the action of somatropin. In addition to enhancing lipolysis, somatropin reduces the flow of triglycerides into body fat. Under the action of somatropin, the concentration of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and its binding protein (IGF-CB3, insulin-like growth factor binding protein) increases.
In addition, the following effects were demonstrated.
Fat exchange. Somatropin activates LDL receptors in the liver and changes the profile of lipids and lipoproteins in the blood. In general, the use of somatropin in patients with GH deficiency leads to a decrease in LDL and apolipoprotein B in the blood. A decrease in cholesterol concentration is also observed.
Carbohydrate exchange. Somatropin increases insulin release, but the glucose concentration of glucose does not usually change. Children with hypopituitarism may develop fasting hypoglycemia. This condition is reversible with the introduction of somatropin.
Water and mineral metabolism. GH deficiency is associated with a decrease in plasma and extracellular fluid volume. The administration of somatropin leads to a rapid increase in both parameters. Somatropin contributes to the retention of sodium, potassium and phosphorus.
Bone metabolism. Somatropin stimulates bone metabolism. Long-term treatment with somatropin in children with GH deficiency and osteoporosis leads to the normalization of the mineral composition and bone density.
Physical activity. Long-term replacement therapy with somatropin leads to an increase in muscle strength and physical endurance. Cardiac output is also increasing, although the mechanism of this action is not fully understood. Reduced peripheral vascular resistance may partly explain this effect of somatropin.
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